I can… 我能……
- talk about habits, including other people's annoying ones 谈论习惯，包括吐槽别人烦人的习惯（p.14）
- tell a finding from a claim, and spot confident language with weak evidence 分清研究发现和说法，识别"证据弱、语气硬"（p.13）
- put sentences back into a text by following reference words 靠指代词和连接词把句子放回文章（p.12）
- make my English sound emotional, with the right intonation 用情绪化表达和语调说话（p.15）
- say something difficult without starting a fight 说难开口的话而不吵起来（p.17）
- tell a family story honestly when I'm not sure it's true 讲不确定的家族往事时把握分寸（p.19）
Grammar 语法
Talking about habits 说习惯（p.14）
- used to + verb：过去的习惯和状态 I used to be shy. 我以前很害羞。
- would + verb：过去反复的动作（不能用于状态）He would hide my shoes. 他以前老藏我的鞋。
- be always + -ing：令人烦的习惯，带情绪 My brother's always teasing me! 我弟老是逗我！
- will + verb：可以预料的习惯（不是将来）My grandad will fall asleep on the sofa every night. 我爷爷每晚都会在沙发上睡着。
- tend (not) to + verb：往往会 / 往往不会 Older siblings tend to have a higher IQ. 哥哥姐姐的智商往往更高。
Adverbs to express attitude 态度副词（p.17）
- hopefully 但愿 · obviously 显然 · undoubtedly 毫无疑问 · admittedly 不得不承认 Admittedly, some are spoiled, but plenty aren't. 诚然有些被宠坏了，但很多没有。
- honestly 说真的 · frankly 直说吧 · understandably 可以理解 · inevitably 不可避免地 Understandably, you're upset. 你难过是可以理解的。
- 位置：分句开头，或紧跟第一个动词 / be / 助动词 He's undoubtedly my parents' favourite. 他毫无疑问是我爸妈最宠的。
Vocabulary 词汇
Personality (1) 性格（p.14）
| English | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| demanding | 要求多的 | My little brother is so demanding. |
| insecure | 没安全感的、不自信的 | He tends to ask everyone before he decides. |
| outgoing | 外向的 | She'll talk to anyone on the bus. |
| rebellious | 叛逆的 | She used to dye her hair every month. |
| respectful | 尊重别人的 | He's always respectful to his grandparents. |
| self-centred | 以自我为中心的 | Only children are often called self-centred. |
| traditional | 传统的、不爱变化的 | My grandad is really traditional. |
| unconventional | 不走寻常路的 | Her career choice was unconventional. |
Personal conflict 人际冲突（p.17）
| English | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| get on sb's nerves | 让人心烦 | It really gets on my nerves. |
| have a word with sb | 找某人谈一谈 | Dad wants to have a word with me. |
| make things worse | 让事情更糟 | Talking to him only made things worse. |
| say something you might regret | 说出会后悔的话 | I kept quiet so I wouldn't say something I might regret. |
| put up with sth | 忍受 | I can't put up with the noise anymore. |
| make sb's life miserable | 让人日子难过 | He makes my life miserable. |
| let sb be | 随他去、别管他 | Just let him be. |
| get into fights | 打起来、吵起来 | He's always getting into fights. |
From the texts 课文词汇（p.12–19）
| English | 中文 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| sibling / only child | 兄弟姐妹 / 独生子女 | I'm an only child, but my cousin is like a brother to me. |
| consensus | 共识 | The consensus seems to be that it's better to have siblings. |
| empathy · traits | 共情 · 特质 | These traits carry over into adulthood. |
| clear-cut | 一清二楚的 | The answer isn't clear-cut. |
| contradict | 与……矛盾 | My family contradicts the claim. |
| spoiled / spoilt | 被宠坏的 | That depends on the parents. |
| exaggerate | 夸大 | You're just exaggerating. |
| account for · single out | 解释 · 特别挑出 | How did he account for it? |
| be misled · be on good terms | 被误导 · 关系好 | We shall be on good terms again. |
| misfortune · occur · whisper | 不幸 · 发生 · 低语 | Mrs Bennet whispered it to Mrs Phillips. |
Functions 功能句
Using emotive language 情绪化表达（p.15）
- question tags 反意疑问句 That can wait, can't it?
- repetition 重复 I'm tired of this family. I'm tired of always waiting.
- rhetorical questions 反问 Why do you have to talk to each other all the time?
- emphatic auxiliary 强调助动词 But it is my sister! · I did hang up!
- Tell me… / I don't understand… / You can't be serious! / You must be joking! Tell me it isn't someone in your family!
Making it less certain 弱化确定性（p.19）
- I believe · there was a rumour that · never really… for sure · apparently · it seems Apparently, he was a hero. 据说他是个英雄。
Discussing evidence 讨论证据（p.12–13, p.16）
- The article claims that… / That said, … / It could just as easily be down to… 话虽如此 · 也很可能是因为……
- If the article were right, you'd expect… / It has more to do with X than with Y 如果文章说得对，你会以为…… · 更多和 X 有关，而不是 Y
- I see where you're coming from, but… / I'd take issue with… 我理解你的意思，但…… · 我不同意……
Common mistakes 常见错误
| ✗ | ✓ | 为什么 |
|---|---|---|
| an influence on me | influence on sb；动词 influence 不加介词 | |
| it depends on | depend 是动词，不加 is | |
| tend to play | to 后面用动词原形 | |
| He's always forgetting | be always 后面用 -ing | |
| I tend to / I usually get up early | used to 只说过去 | |
| I used to have long hair | would 不能用于状态 | |
| contradicts | 及物动词，不加 with | |
| a study / a piece of evidence | research、evidence 不可数 | |
| gets on my nerves | 永远复数 | |
| made things worse | 固定搭配用 make | |
| put up with the noise | 必须带 with | |
| Frankly, | 一个词就够，speaking 显得老派 | |
| tired of waiting | 介词后用 -ing | |
| there was a rumour that | rumour 不会"说" | |
| made up with his parents | 和好 = make up with sb |